ACDS V10.0 - Fri Sep 25 14:23:57 CEST 2020
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Detailed Description of VII/280 :
The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalog (V5.2) (Flesch, 2017)
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Note : this is the description file of the original catalog.
This HTML page corresponds well to the original description, but some minor
changes in the format may have been introduced in the FITS output
files in order to allow for arithmetic operations on quantities
such as coordinates and times. h:m:s and d:m:s units are normally
converted into degrees, and YYYY-MM-DD into julian days.
Similarly, some slight changes may have been introduced in the
units; the value given in the HTML files supersedes the value indicated in the ReadMe
file for this catalogue.
VII/280 The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalog (V5.2) (Flesch, 2017)
================================================================================
The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, version 5.2.
Flesch E.W.
<Pub. Astron. Soc. Australia 32, 10 (2015)>
=2015PASA...32...10F
=2017yCat.7280....0F
================================================================================
ADC_Keywords: QSOs ; Active gal. nuclei ; Redshifts ; Magnitudes
Keywords: catalogs - quasars: general
Description:
This is a compendium of 607,208 type-I QSOs and AGN, largely complete
from the literature to 5-August-2017, including the release of
SDSS-DR14. Also included are ~1.35M high-confidence (80%+
likelihood) quasar candidates from the NBCKDE, NBCKDE-v3, XDQSO,
AllWISE and Peters photometric quasar catalogs (citations in Note 7
below) and from all-sky radio/X-ray associated objects which are
calculated here. Type-II and Bl Lac objects are also included,
bringing the total count to 1,998,464.
Changes from version 5.1 are:
(1) SDSS-DR14 and SDSS-DR14Q have been added, using the processing
rules from the Half Million Quasars catalog (HMQ: Flesch
2015PASA...32...10F).
(2) WISE quasar candidates have been added from Secrest et al,
2015, Cat. J/ApJS/221/12; these are ~430K candidates over the
whole sky for which 2-color optical objects were found within a
2-arcsec radius. They have been processed into pQSOs from calibration
against the SDSS-DR12Q multi-class superset, and photometric redshifts
obtained using the four-color based method from the HMQ appendix 2.
The four colors used were B-R, R-W1, W1-W2 & W2-W3. (3) Type-II narrow
emission-line galaxies, (NELGs, class='N') are added as the luminosity
class corresponding to the type-I AGN galaxies. High-luminosity
type-II NLAGN (class='K') correspond to the type-I quasars. The
NLAGN/NELG divider is the same luminosity/psf function which separates
QSOs from AGNs. Type-II NELGs include unquantified contamination by
LINERs and probably a few starbursts which eluded removal, so it
serves as a catch-all category presented for completeness, rather than
as a strict type-II class. (4) Small publications to 5 August 2017
have been added. (5) Positional fixes (of about 2 arcsec) have been
applied to ~150 objects. Low-confidence or questionable objects (so
deemed by their researchers) are not included in Milliquas. Additional
quality cuts can be applied as detailed in Flesch 2015PASA...32...10F).
Multiple lensed images are excluded and only the brightest one kept.
The aim here is to present one unique reliable object per each data
row.
The catalog format is simple, each object is shown as one line bearing
the J2000 coordinates, its original name, object class, red and blue
optical magnitudes, PSF class, redshift, the citations for the name
and redshift, plus up to four radio/X-ray identifiers where
applicable.
This catalog can be cited as Milliquas, Flesch E., 2015PASA...32...10F
which was the published version of this catalog as at 2015 after the
release of SDSS-DR12.
Questions/comments/praise/complaints may be directed to me at
eric(at)flesch.org.
File Summary:
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
× 80 . This file
× ReadMe 80 . This file
× catalog.dat 192 1998464 The Milliquas catalogue, V5.2 (5 August 2017)
See also:
VII/273 : The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) catalogue (Flesch, 2015)
VII/277 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, V4.8 (Flesch, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
1- 11 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) (1)
13- 23 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000) (1)
26- 50 A25 --- Name ID from the literature, or J2000 (2)
52 A1 --- Cl [ABKQqN] classification of object (3)
53- 55 A3 --- Assoc [2RX ] Summary of associations for object (4)
57- 61 F5.2 mag Rmag Red optical magnitude (5)
63- 67 F5.2 mag Bmag Blue optical magnitude (5)
69- 71 A3 --- Comment Comment on optical object (6)
73 A1 --- R Red optical PSF class (7)
75 A1 --- B Blue optical PSF class (7)
77- 82 F6.3 --- z ? Redshift from the literature or estimated (8)
84- 89 A6 --- r_Name Citation for name (9)
91- 96 A6 --- r_z Citation for redshift (9)
98-100 I3 pct Qpct ? Probability that this object is a QSO (10)
102-123 A22 --- XName X-ray ID, if any (11)
125-146 A22 --- RName Radio ID, if any (11)
148-169 A22 --- Lobe1 Radio lobe ID or extra R/X ID, if any (11)
171-192 A22 --- Lobe2 Radio lobe ID or extra X-ray ID, if any (11)
Note (1): These are to 7 decimals which is too precise, but which accomodates a
miniscule round-up which prevents inadvertent truncation by the user when
converting to sexagesimal.
Note (2): Nameless radio/X-ray associated objects here display the J2000
position in HHMMSS.SS+DDMMSS.S for the convenience of the user. If needing
a name for it, just preface the J2000 with "MQ", e.g., MQ J000001.5-251706.
Note (3): Classification of object as follows:
Q = QSO, type I broad-line unresolved, 577146 of these.
A = AGN, type I Seyferts/host-dominated, 30062 of these.
B = BL Lac object, 1615 of these.
q = photometric quasar candidate from SDSS or WISE, 1297111 of these.
N = type-II narrow-line Seyfert/NELG galaxy, 38110 of these. This class
includes an unknown number of LINERs, presented for completeness.
K = type-II narrow-line NLAGN, quasar-like high luminosity, 1355 of these.
Note (4): Summary of associations for object as follows:
R = Radio association displayed.
X = X-ray association displayed.
2 = Double radio lobes displayed (declared by data-driven algorithm).
Note (5): Optical data is from the APM (http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~mike/apmcat),
USNO-A & USNO-B
(https://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astrometry/optical-IR-prod/usno-b1.0),
and the SDSS (http://sdss.org).
APM/USNO-A magnitudes have been recalibrated from the original values as
documented in QORG (2004,A&A,427,387), so such USNO-A magnitudes are often
used in preference to USNO-B. APM galaxies < mag 17 are usually shown
too bright due to PSF modelling. Integer magnitudes (e.g., 22.00) can be
estimates if both bands are integer or one band empty. Note: many SDSS
magnitudes are "extinction-corrected" ~0.3 mag brighter than observed.
Note (6): Comment on optical object legend as follows:
p = optical magnitudes are POSS-I O (violet 4050Å) and E (red 6400Å).
These are preferred because O is well-offset from E, and these plates
were always taken on the same night, thus the red-blue color is
correct even for variable objects.
j = blue magnitude is SERC J (Bj 4850A blue-green) from the POSS-II or
UKST surveys. Red-blue color is less reliable because the plates were
taken in different epochs, i.e. years apart.
g = blue magnitude is SDSS green 4900A, red is SDSS r 6200A.
u = blue magnitude is SDSS ultraviolet 3850A.
b = blue magnitude is Vega 4400A (Johnson).
v = red magnitude is visual., ie, white, 5500A midpoint.
i = red magnitude is infrared 7500A.
z = red magnitude is infrared z 8500A.
(not v/i/z) = standard red 6400A (Cousins).
+ = variability nominally detected in both red/blue, over multi-epoch data.
m = proper motion nominally detected, from USNO-B.
a = object is an SDSS galaxy with AGN subclass. If also BROADLINE then
Milliquas class is 'A', otherwise 'N' (see note 3).
? = identification uncertain (quasar may be located elsewhere, 4 of these).
Note (7): The APM, USNO-B, and SDSS provide PSF class, albeit using different
criteria. These are shown here as follows:
- = point source / stellar PSF (APM notation: -1, here truncated)
1 = fuzzy / galaxy shape (APM notation: 1 and some 2)
n = no PSF available, whether borderline or too faint to tell, etc.
x = not seen in this color (fainter than plate depth, or confused, etc.)
Note (8): Photometric redshifts (for objects classified as 'q') are here rounded
to 0.1 z. The XDQSO catalog does not provide photometric redshifts, so
those are provided either by NBCKDE or by this catalog using the method
detailed in Appendix 2 of my HMQ paper (2015PASA...32...10F). AllWISE
photometric redshifts are similarly calculated using the four colors B-R,
R-W1, W1-W2 and W2-W3, and are displayed where calculated as 50%+ likely to
be true within 0.5z of the displayed redshift value -- usual likelihood is
more like 80%.
Note (9): Legend (with counts of name and redshift) and references:
2dF (366,232) : 2dF galaxy survey, Colless M. et al.,
2001MNRAS.328.1039C, Cat. VII/250
2QZ (27515,24161) : Croom S.M. et al., 2004MNRAS.349.1397C, Cat. VII/241
2SLAQ (10388,8717) : Croom S.M. et al., 2009, Cat. J/MNRAS/392/19
3LAC (30,28) : FERMI AGN v3, Ackermann M. et al.,
2015, Cat. J/ApJ/810/14
6dF (287,227) : 6dF galaxy survey, Jones D.H. et al.,
2009MNRAS.399..683J, Cat. VII/259
AAOz (1491,1498) : AAOmega XXL-South: Lidman C. et al.,
2016PASA...33....1L
AGES (2047,2047) : AGES survey, Kochanek C.S. et al.,
2012, Cat. J/ApJS/200/8
ATLAS (229,269) : Mao M.Y. et al., 2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/426/3334
BASS (15,124) : Swift-BAT AGN, Koss M. et al.,
2017,arXiv:1707.08123, ApJ
BQLS (9,9) : BOSS QSO lenses & pairs, More A. et al.,
2016MNRAS.456.1595M
C-COSM (180,180) : Chandra COSMOS IDs, Marchesi S. et al.,
2016ApJ...817...34M
ChaMP (191,188) : Trichas M. et al., 2012ApJS..200...17T
DES (1,1) : Dark Energy hi-z, Reed S.L. et al.,
2015MNRAS.454.3952R
DPeake (7,3450) : Double-peaked NELGs, Ge J.-Q. et al.,
2012, Cat. J/ApJS/201/31
DR12 (1628,5332) : Alam S. et al., 2015ApJS..219...12A,
http://sdss.org/dr12, Cat. V/147
DR12Q (233,415) : SDSS-DR12Q, Paris I. et al., 2017A&A...597A..79P,
Cat. VII/279
DR14 (32900,40157) : Abolfathi B. et al., 2017,arXiv:1707.09322, data at
https://data.sdss.org/sas/dr14/sdss/spectro/redux
DR14Q (512359,525951) : SDSS-DR14Q, Paris I. et al., 2017, in preparation,
data at http://data.sdss.org/sas/dr14/eboss/qso/DR14Q
DR7 (6378,4872) : SDSS DR7, Abazajian K.N. et al., 2009ApJS..182..543A,
files at
http://classic.sdss.org/dr7/products/spectra/getspectra.html
DR7Q (2128,340) : SDSS Quasar DR7, Schneider D. et al.,
2010AJ....139.2360S, Cat. VII/260
DUHIZ (2,2) : DECaLS-UKIRT hi-z, Wang F. et al., 2017ApJ...839...27W
eHAQ (82,81) : Extended High AV, Krogager J.-K., 2016ApJ...832...49K
GLDD (1,1) : Lensed QSO data-driven, Ostrovski F. et al.,
2017MNRAS.465.4325O
HAQ (2,2) : High AV serendipitous, Heintz K.E. et al.,
2016AJ....152...13H
HAQC (1,1) : High AV in COSMOS, Heintz K.E. et al.,
2016A&A...595A..13H
HMQ (28638,22897) : Half Million Quasars catalog, Flesch E.,
2015PASA...32...10F, Cat. VII/273, references
therein to the original authors & papers.
IGMCP (10,10) : IGM close pairs, Rorai A. et al., 2017Sci...356..418R
IMS (1, 1) : IR medium-deep hi-z, Kim Y. et al.,
2015ApJ...813...35H
IKEDA (1,1) : Ikeda H. et al., 2017, arXiv:1708.00314, ApJ accepted
LAMOST (4314,3786) : LAMOST-DR3, http://dr3.lamost.org
LIDMAN (1,1) : SN Host Galaxy redshifts, Lidman C. et al.,
2013PASA...30....1L
LIRAS (168,158) : LoCuSS IR AGNs, Xu, L. et al.,
2015, Cat. J/ApJS/219/18
MORX (49916,0) : Million Radio/X-ray Associations, Flesch E.,
2016PASA...33...52F, Cat. V/148
MQ (3144,635633) : MILLIQUAS, original data in this catalog,
Flesch E.,2017
MZZ (9,9) : Marano B., Zamorani G., Zitelli V.,
1988MNRAS.232..111M
NBCKDE (40679,40679) : Richards G.T. et al., 2009, Cat. J/ApJS/180/67
NBCKv3 (576782,576782): NBCKDE v3, Richards G.T. et al.,
2015, Cat. J/ApJS/219/39
OVRLAP (5,5) : SDSS overlap hi-z QSOs, Jiang L. et al.,
2015AJ....149..188J
OzDES (664,638) : Dark Energy SN QSOs, Tie S.S. et al.,
2017AJ....153..107T
PETERS (12952,12952) : photo special, Peters C.M. et al.,
2015ApJ...811...95P
PGC (13548,8) : Principal Galaxy Catalogue, Paturel G. et al.,
2003A&A...412...45P, Cat. VII/237
PS1 (63,63) : PAN-STARRS1 hi-z, Banados E. et al.,
Cat. J/ApJS/227/11
PSO (3,3) : PAN-STARRS z-dropouts, Venemans B.P. et al.,
2015ApJ...801L..11V
RLQ (4,3) : Tuccillo D./Gonzalez-Serrano J.I./Benn C.R.,
2015, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/2818
RSG (1,1) : Dorn-Wallenstein T.Z. & Levesque E.,
2017,arXiv:1701.07888
SDSSHI (6,6) : SDSS hi-z, Jiang L. et al., 2016ApJ...833..222J
SFM201 (1,1) : Schulze S. et al., 2012A&A...546A..20S
SHELLQ (33,33) : Subaru hi-z, Matsuoka Y. et al.,
2017,arXiv:1704.05854, PASJ
SUV (21,21) : SDSS-ULAS/VHS QSOs, Yang J. et al., 2017,AJ,153,184
SXDF (39,39) : Subaru-XMMDF redshifts, Simpson C. et al.,
2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/421/3060
SXDS (310,309) : Subaru-XMMDF spectra, Akiyama M. et al.,
2015PASJ...67...82A
ULTRA (1,1) : Ultraluminous hi-z, Wu, X.-B. et al.,
2015Natur.518..512W
UVQS (433,517) : UV QSOs, Monroe T.R. et al., 2016,AJ,152,25
VAHIZ (2,2) : VST ATLAS hi-z, Carnall A.C. et al.,
2015MNRAS.451L..16C
VDES (8,8) : VISTA Dark Energy Qsos, Reed S.L. et al.,
2017MNRAS.468.4702R
VIKING (4,4) : VIKING IR, Venemans, G.A. et al., 2015MNRAS.453.2259V
VIPERS (241,285) : VIPERS PDR-2, Scodeggio M. et al.,
2016, arXiv:1611.07048
VMC (34,34) : Magellanic IR QSOs, Ivanov V.D. et al.,
2016A&A...588A..93I
WARREN (1,1) : Warren S.J. et al., 2017, in preparation
WISEA (430999,0) : AllWISE QSO candidates, Secrest N. et al.,
2015, Cat. J/ApJS/221/12
WISEHI (72,70) : Hi-z QSOs from WISE, Wang F. et al.,
2016, Cat. J/ApJ/819/24
XDQSO (235694,0) : SDSS-XDQSO, Bovy J. et al., 2011ApJ...729..141B
XLSS (307,120) : Stalin C.S. et al., 2010, Cat. J/MNRAS/401/294
XMSS (182,150) : Barcons X. et al., 2007, Cat. J/A+A/476/1191
XWAS (490,449) : Esquej P. et al., 2013, Cat. J/A+A/557/A123
The citation for the classification (e.g., that the object is a quasar) can
be from either the name or redshift citation.
Note (10): For a QSO candidate (type starting with q/R/X/2), this shows the
percent chance that it is a QSO, based on photometric and/or radio/X-ray
association analysis. Included candidates are those of 80%+ likelihood
of being true quasars. For a known QSO (type=Q/A), Bl Lac type (type=B)
or type-II (type=K/N), this shows the percent chance that the shown
radio/X-ray detection(s) is truly associated to it.
Candidates (objects without spectroscopic confirmation) consist of three
separate classes of objects:
(1) Photometric quasars from the SDSS-based NBCKDE/NBCKDE-v3/XDQSO/Peters
quasar candidate catalogs. Those catalogs give pQSOs (calculated QSO
probabilities) for their objects which however are not reported here;
instead, I have calibrated those pQSOs against SDSS-DR12Q classified
objects to produce these QSO likelihoods -- see appendix 1 of my HMQ
paper (Flesch 2015PASA...32...10F) for details of the calibration
method.
(2) WISE-sourced candidates are presented by their authors with a bulk pQSO
as an average figure, with no individual pQSOs given. These I have
generated by matching WISE candidates to optical objects (within a two
arcsecond radius) and then dividing them into four-color (the colors
being B-R, R-W1, W1-W2 & W2-W3) subsets which are then calibrated
against SDSS-DR12Q classified objects to yield the pQSO for each subset.
(3) Radio/X-ray associated objects, totalling 53065 without any other
attribution. The likelihoods of being a true QSO are calculated as
described in the QORG paper (Flesch & Hardcastle, 2004A&A...427..387F,
Cat. J/A+A/427/387).
69609 photometric quasars are also radio/X-ray associated, and the
displayed probability figure combines the calibrated photometric QSO
likelihood P1 and the radio/X-ray derived QSO likelihood P2 as
P = 1/(1+((1-P1)*(1-P2))/(P1*P2)). Over all objects, using the probability
as expected yield, the 1957384 type-I Milliquas objects will yield 1901076
actual type-I quasars/AGNs, so making this a true million quasars catalog.
Note (11): Four columns of Radio/X-ray detections are presented:
* 1st column: best X-ray detection (i.e. highest probability association).
* 2nd column: best core Radio detection.
* 3rd column: a radio lobe if the description (see note 3) shows a "2",
otherwise this is an additional radio or X-ray detection.
* 4th column: a radio lobe if the description (see note 3) shows a "2",
otherwise this is an additional X-ray detection.
Legend of Radio/X-ray detection prefixes and catalog home pages:
FIRST: VLA FIRST survey, 13Jun05 version, http://sundog.stsci.edu
NVSS: NRAO VLA sky survey, http://www.cv.nrao.edu/nvss
SUMSS: Sydney U. Molonglo, http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/sifa/Main/SUMSS
MGPS: Molonglo galactic plane survey, same attribution as SUMSS
ROSAT catalogs home page: www.mpe.mpg.de/xray/wave/rosat/catalogue,
for:
- 1RXH: ROSAT HRI (high resolution imager)
- 2RXP/2RXF: ROSAT PSPC (position sensitive proportional counter)
- 1RXS: ROSAT RASS (all-sky survey, both bright & faint)
2RXS: 2nd RASS source catalog, Boller Th. et al., 2016,A&A,588,103
1WGA: White, Giommi & Angelini, wgacat.gsfc.nasa.gov/wgacat/wgacat.html
CXO: Chandra Source Catalog v1.1, http://cxc.cfa.harvard.edu/csc
CXOG: Chandra ACIS source catalog, Wang S. et al., 2016,ApJS,224,40
CXOX: XAssist Chandra source list, http://xassist.pha.jhu.edu/zope/xassist
2XMM/2XMMi: XMM-Newton DR3, http://xmm.esac.esa.int/xsa/versions.shtml
3XMM: XMM-Newton DR7, http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xsa
XMMSL: XMM-Newton Slew Survey Release 2.0, same attribution as 3XMM
XMMX: XAssist XMM-Newton source list, xassist.pha.jhu.edu/zope/xassist
1SXPS: Swift X-ray Point Source catalog, http://www.swift.ac.uk/1SXPS
Optical field solutions are calculated from the raw source positions of all
these catalogs as described in my MORX paper 2016PASA...33...52F.
Acknowledgements:
If using this catalogue in published research, please so cite. The confirmed
quasars of this catalog (to Jan 2015) were published as the Half Million
Quasars (HMQ) catalog: Flesch E., 2015PASA...32...10F, which can be used as
the citation.
This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED)
which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,California Institute of
Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
History:
Copied at http://quasars.org/milliquas.htm
Contact: Eric Flesch, eric(at)flesch.org
================================================================================
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 21-Aug-2017