ACDS V10.0 - Detailed Description of J/A+A/586/A81

ACDS V10.0 - Sun Jan 19 02:53:05 CET 2025

| # Detailed Description of J/A+A/586/A81 : High-mass X-ray binaries in the SMC (Haberl+, 2016) |

Note : this is the description file of the original catalog. This HTML page corresponds well to the original description, but some minor changes in the format may have been introduced in the FITS output files in order to allow for arithmetic operations on quantities such as coordinates and times. h:m:s and d:m:s units are normally converted into degrees, and YYYY-MM-DD into julian days.
Similarly, some slight changes may have been introduced in the units; the value given in the HTML files supersedes the value indicated in the ReadMe file for this catalogue.

    J/A+A/586/A81       High-mass X-ray binaries in the SMC          (Haberl+, 2016)
    ================================================================================
    High-mass X-ray binaries in the Small Magellanic Cloud.
        Haberl F., Sturm R.
        <Astron. Astrophys. 586, A81 (2016)>
        =2016A&A...586A..81H        (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
    ================================================================================
    ADC_Keywords: Magellanic Clouds ; Binaries, X-ray ; Photometry, UBVRI ;
                  Photometry, infrared
    Keywords: Magellanic Clouds - galaxies: stellar content -
              stars: emission-line, Be - stars: neutron - X-rays: binaries -
              catalogs

    Abstract:
        The last comprehensive catalogue of high-mass X-ray binaries in the
        Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) was published about ten years ago. Since
        then new such systems were discovered, mainly by X-ray observations
        with Chandra and XMM-Newton. For the majority of the proposed HMXBs in
        the SMC no X-ray pulsations were discovered as yet, and unless other
        properties of the X-ray source and/or the optical counterpart confirm
        their HMXB nature, they remain only candidate HMXBs.

        From a literature search we collected a catalogue of 148 confirmed and
        candidate HMXBs in the SMC and investigated their properties to shed
        light on their real nature. Based on the sample of well-established
        HMXBs (the pulsars), we investigated which observed properties are
        most appropriate for a reliable classification. We defined different
        levels of confidence for a genuine HMXB based on spectral and temporal
        characteristics of the X-ray sources and colour-magnitude diagrams
        from the optical to the infrared of their likely counterparts. We also
        took the uncertainty in the X-ray position into account.

        We identify 27 objects that probably are misidentified because they
        lack an infrared excess of the proposed counterpart. They were mainly
        X-ray sources with a large positional uncertainty. This is supported
        by additional information obtained from more recent observations. Our
        catalogue comprises 121 relatively high-confidence HMXBs (the vast
        majority with Be companion stars). About half of the objects show
        X-ray pulsations, while for the rest no pulsations are known as yet. A
        comparison of the two subsamples suggests that long pulse periods in
        excess of a few 100s are expected for the "non-pulsars", which are
        most likely undetected because of aperiodic variability on similar
        timescales and insufficiently long X-ray observations. The highest
        X-ray variability together with the lowest observed minimum fluxes for
        short-period pulsars indicate that in addition to the eccentricity of
        the orbit, its inclination against the plane of the Be star
        circum-stellar disc plays a major role in determining the outburst
        behaviour.

        The large population of HMXBs in the SMC, in particular Be X-ray
        binaries, provides the largest homogeneous sample of such systems for
        statistical population studies.

    Description:
        For an updated catalogue of HMXBs and candidates in the SMC (and the
        Magellanic Bridge, which extends beyond the Eastern Wing) we compiled
        lists from the literature that present properties from large samples
        or searches for such systems and include the more recent discoveries
        of individual objects. We collected information about the X-ray
        sources as well as their companion stars from the literature and
        included it in the catalogue to use it for statistical studies.

    File Summary:

           FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

    ×                   80        .   This file
    × ReadMe            80        .   This file
    × table5.dat       601      148   Catalogue of 148 High-Mass-X-ray Binaries
                                     and candidates in the Small Magellanic Cloud

    Byte-by-byte Description of file:  table5.dat

       Bytes Format Units     Label   Explanations

       1-  3  I3    ---       Seq     Source number
       6-  7  I2    h         RAh     X-ray, Right ascension (J2000)
       9- 10  I2    min       RAm     X-ray, Right ascension (J2000)
      12- 15  F4.1  s         RAs     X-ray, Right ascension (J2000)
          17  A1    ---       DE-     X-ray, Declination sign (J2000)
      18- 19  I2    deg       DEd     X-ray, Declination (J2000)
      21- 22  I2    arcmin    DEm     X-ray, Declination (J2000)
      24- 25  I2    arcsec    DEs     X-ray, Declination (J2000)
      27- 32  F6.1  arcsec    e_Pos   Uncertainty of X-ray position
          34  A1    ---       Xobs    Origin of the X-ray coordinate (1)
      36- 54  A19   ---       dbib    Reference (bibcode) for source discovery
      56- 59  I4    ---       MA93    ? Emission-line star (2)
      62- 64  A3    ---       ps      [ps: ] X-ray modulation indicates
                                              NS spin period
      66- 68  A3    ---       px      [px: ] Long-term X-ray period suggests
                                              orbital period
      70- 72  A3    ---       po      [po: ] Period in optical suggests orbital
                                              period
      74- 76  A3    ---       xv      [xv ] Variability in X-rays larger than a
                                             factor 30
      78- 80  A3    ---       xs      [xs: ] Typical X-ray spectrum (3)
      82- 84  A3    ---       oi      [oi: ] Optical id with high confidence
      86- 88  A3    ---       em      [em: nem] Optical/near-IR spectral
                                                 information (4)
      90- 92  A3    ---       os      [oxs: ] Orbital information (5)
          95  I1    ---       conf    [1/6] Confidence class, values 1-6
      98- 99  I2    h         RAOh    ? Optical, Right ascension (J2000) (6)
     101-102  I2    min       RAOm    ? Optical, Right ascension (J2000)
     104-108  F5.2  s         RAOs    ? Optical, Right ascension (J2000)
         110  A1    ---       DEO-    Optical, Declination sign (J2000)
     111-112  I2    deg       DEOd    ? Optical, Declination (J2000)
     114-115  I2    arcmin    DEOm    ? Optical, Declination (J2000)
     117-120  F4.1  arcsec    DEOs    ? Optical, Declination (J2000)
     122-126  F5.2  mag       Umag    ? U magnitude from MCPS (7)
     128-131  F4.2  mag       e_Umag  ? rms uncertainty on Umag
     133-137  F5.2  mag       Bmag    ? B magnitude from MCPS (7)
     139-142  F4.2  mag       e_Bmag  ? rms uncertainty on Bmag
     144-148  F5.2  mag       Vmag    ? V magnitude from MCPS (7)
     150-153  F4.2  mag       e_Vmag  ? rms uncertainty on Vmag
     155-159  F5.2  mag       Imag    ? I magnitude from MCPS (7)
     161-164  F4.2  mag       e_Imag  ? rms uncertainty on Imag
     166-170  F5.2  mag       U-B     ? U-B colour index
     173-176  F4.2  mag       e_U-B   ? rms uncertainty on U-B
     178-182  F5.2  mag       B-V     ? B-V colour index
     184-187  F4.2  mag       e_B-V   ? rms uncertainty on B-V
     189-193  F5.2  mag       V-I     ? V-I colour index
     195-198  F4.2  mag       e_V-I   ? rms uncertainty on V-I
     200-204  F5.2  mag       Q       ? Reddening-free Q-value (8)
     206-209  F4.2  mag       e_Q     ? rms uncertainty on Q
     212-228  A17   ---       2MASS   2MASS name (9)
     230-234  F5.2  mag       Jmag    ? J magnitude from 2MASS (10)
     236-239  F4.2  mag       e_Jmag  ? rms uncertainty on Jmag
     241-245  F5.2  mag       Hmag    ? H magnitude from 2MASS (10)
     247-250  F4.2  mag       e_Hmag  ? rms uncertainty on Hmag
     252-256  F5.2  mag       Kmag    ? K magnitude from 2MASS (10)
     258-261  F4.2  mag       e_Kmag  ? rms uncertainty on Kmag
     263-267  F5.2  mag       J-H     ? 2MASS J-H colour index
     269-272  F4.2  mag       e_J-H   ? rms uncertainty on J-H
     274-278  F5.2  mag       H-K     ? 2MASS H-K colour index
     280-283  F4.2  mag       e_H-K   ? rms uncertainty on H-K
     289-293  F5.2  mag       F3.6    ? Spitzer IRAC flux at 3.6 micrometer (11)
     295-298  F4.2  mag       e_F3.6  ? Error flux at 3.6 micrometer
     300-304  F5.2  mag       F4.5    ? Spitzer IRAC flux at 4.5 micrometer (11)
     306-309  F4.2  mag       e_F4.5  ? Error flux at 4.5 micrometer
     311-315  F5.2  mag       F5.8    ? Spitzer IRAC flux at 5.8 micrometer (11)
     317-320  F4.2  mag       e_F5.8  ? Error flux at 5.8 micrometer
     322-326  F5.2  mag       F8.0    ? Spitzer IRAC flux at 8.0 micrometer (11)
     328-331  F4.2  mag       e_F8.0  ? Error flux at 8.0 micrometer
     333-336  F4.1  arcsec    dXO     ? Angular distance, X-ray to optical position
     338-341  F4.2  arcsec    dOIR    ? Angular distance,
                                         optical to near-IR position
     343-350  F8.3  s         Pspin   ? Neutron star spin period,
                                         inferred from X-rays
     352-358  F7.1  d         Porb    ? Orbital period (see flags for origin)
     360-367  E8.3  mW/m2     Fmax    ? Maximum observed X-ray flux (12)
     369-376  E8.3  mW/m2     Fmin    ? Minimum observed X-ray flux (12)
     378-379  I2    ---       l_Fmin  [-1/1] Flag for minimum flux,
                                              1 for upper limit (13)
     381-399  A19   ---       r_Fmax  References for maximum X-ray flux
     401-419  A19   ---       r_Fmin  References for minimum X-ray flux
     421-427  E7.2  ---       Var     ? X-ray variability factor (14)
     429-433  F5.1  0.1nm     Ha1     ? Equivalent width of the Halpha line (15)
     435-439  F5.1  0.1nm     Ha2     ? Maximum equivalent width of the Halpha line
     441-520  A80   ---       r_Ha    References for the Halpha measurements
     522-601  A80   ---       Com     Comments with key references (bibcode)

    Note (1): Origin of the X-ray coordinate as follows:
      A = ASCA
      C = Chandra
      E = Einstein
      I = Integral
      N = XMM-Newton
      R = ROSAT
      S = Swift
      X = RXTE
      When no reliable position could be determined from the non-imaging
       RXTE collimator-instruments, a radius of 30 arcmin for the position
       error indicates the size of the field of view.
    Note (2): Identification of optical counterpart with emission-line star
       from Meysonnier & Azzopardi (1993A&AS..102..451M, [MA93] NNNN).
       The negative number indicates a star found in the catalogue of
        Murphy & Bessell (2000MNRAS.311..741M, [MB2000] 179).
    Note (3): Power law with photon index <1.3

    Note (4): Optical/near-IR spectral information as follows:
      em  = Balmer (Halpha) emission measured from spectrum
      nem = no near-IR excess emission
    Note (5): Orbital information as follows:
      os  = full orbital solution available
      ox  = assuming X-ray period as orbital period
      oo  = assuming optical period as orbital period
      oxo = X-ray and optical period are consistent
    Note (6): Coordinates of optical counterpart from Zaritsky et al.
      (2002AJ....123..855Z), or - when not available there - from
      Massey (2002ApJS..141...81M)
    Note (7): Magnitudes of optical counterpart from the Magellanic Clouds
      Photometric Survey (MCPS); Zaritsky et al. (2002AJ....123..855Z)
    Note (8): Q = U-B-0.72*(B-V); Reddening-free Q-value

    Note (9): Near-IR counterpart to the optical star from the Two Micron All Sky
              Survey (2MASS); Skrutskie et al. (2006AJ....131.1163S)
    Note (10): Near-IR magnitudes from 2MASS

    Note (11): Spitzer IRAC fluxes with respective errors from the SAGE project
     for a description see Meixner et al. (2006AJ....132.2268M)
    Note (12): Maximum and minimum X-ray flux [erg/cm^2/s, when available in
     the 0.2-10keV band. Fluxes in the SMC XMM-Newton catalogue of Sturm et al.
     (2013A&A...558A...3S) are given for the 0.2 to 4.5keV band.
     To convert them into the 0.2-10keV band, we multiplied them by a factor of
     2.6 assuming a standard power law with photon index 0.9
     (Haberl et al. 2008A&A...489..327H) and a column density of 1021cm-2
     (solar abundance). For Swift XRT count rates we used a flux conversion factor
     of 1.1*10-10erg/cm2/ct/s
    Note (13): Flag for minimum flux as follows:
      1 = a non-detection with an upper limit
     -1 = when unknown
      0 = detection
    Note (14): Ratio of maximum to minimum flux.

    Note (15): Minimum value if more than one measurement is available.

    Acknowledgements:
        Frank Haberl, fwh(at)mpe.mpg.de
    ================================================================================
    (End)                                        Patricia Vannier [CDS]  18-Dec-2015