ACDS V10.0 - Detailed Description of VII/290

ACDS V10.0 - Sun Jan 19 02:23:36 CET 2025

| # Detailed Description of VII/290 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, version 7.2 (Flesch, 2021) |

Note : this is the description file of the original catalog. This HTML page corresponds well to the original description, but some minor changes in the format may have been introduced in the FITS output files in order to allow for arithmetic operations on quantities such as coordinates and times. h:m:s and d:m:s units are normally converted into degrees, and YYYY-MM-DD into julian days.
Similarly, some slight changes may have been introduced in the units; the value given in the HTML files supersedes the value indicated in the ReadMe file for this catalogue.

    VII/290    The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, version 7.2 (Flesch, 2021)
    ================================================================================
    The Million Quasars (MILLIQUAS) catalogue, version 7.2.
       Flesch E.W.
       <Pub. Astron. Soc. Australia 32, 10 (2015)>
       =2015PASA...32...10F
       =2021yCat.7290....0F
    ================================================================================
    ADC_Keywords: QSOs ; Active gal. nuclei ; Redshifts ; Magnitudes

    Keywords: catalogs - quasars: general

    Description:
        This is a compendium of 829666 type-I QSOs and AGN, largely complete
        from the literature to 30 April 2021 including SDSS-DR16 quasars and
        VLASS radio. Also included are 703348 candidates which are calculated
        as 60%-100% likely to be quasars, including 225051 which are
        radio/X-ray associated. Type-II and Bl Lac objects are also included,
        bringing the total count to 1573824. Gaia-DR2 astrometry is used
        where available, amounting to ~66% of all objects.

        Changes from version 7.1 are:
        (1) Quasars added from publications to 30 April 2021.
        (2) The VLASS Quick Look radio catalog is included, which adds 34189
            new radio core associations and 6793 probable double radio lobe
            associations.
        (3) Ongoing audits of SDSS & LAMOST quasars have led to a few
             additions & drops. Some WISEA-supported SDSS/LAMOST pipeline
             quasars are now accepted which were otherwise marginal. Also
             some likely galaxies removed.

        Low-confidence/quality or questionable objects (so deemed by their
        researchers) are not included in Milliquas. Additional quality cuts
        can apply as detailed in the HMQ paper (Flesch, 2015PASA...32...10F).
        Full QSO/AGN classification is via spectral lines, thus hidden /
        occluded objects may be absent from Milliquas. Two NIQs offset
        <2-arcsecs can be reported as a single object if within the same host.
        The aim here is to present one unique reliable object per each data
        row.

        The catalog format is simple, each object is shown as one line bearing
        the J2000 coordinates, its original name, object class, red and blue
        optical magnitudes, PSF class, redshift, the citations for the name
        and redshift, plus up to four radio/X-ray identifiers where
        applicable.

        Please cite as Milliquas v7.2, Flesch, E.W. 2021, arXiv:2105.12985 or
        as Milliquas v7.2 (2021) update, Flesch, E.W. 2015PASA...32...10F.

        Questions/comments/praise/complaints may be directed to me at
        eric(at)flesch.org.

    File Summary:

           FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

    ×                   80        .   This file
    × ReadMe            80        .   This file
    × catalog.dat      192  1573824   The catalogue (v7.2), 30-April-2021
    × refs.dat         162     2171   References (for numerical references)
    × milliquas72.pdf   512     5234   Paper pdf version

    See also:
      VII/273 : The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) catalogue (Flesch, 2015)
      VII/277 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue (V4.8) (Flesch, 2016)
      VII/280 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue (V5.2) (Flesch, 2017)
      VII/283 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue (V6.3) (Flesch, 2019)

    Byte-by-byte Description of file:  catalog.dat

       Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations

       1- 11  F11.7 deg     RAdeg    Right ascension J2000 (degrees) (1)
      13- 23  F11.7 deg     DEdeg    Declination J2000 (degrees) (1)
      26- 50  A25   ---     Name     ID from the literature, or J2000 (2)
      52- 55  A4    ---     Type     Classification of object, and associations (3)
      57- 61  F5.2  mag     Rmag     ?=0 Red optical magnitude (4)
      63- 67  F5.2  mag     Bmag     ?=0 Blue optical magnitude (4)
      69- 71  A3    ---     Comment  Comment on optical object (5)
          73  A1    ---     R        Red Optical PSF class (6)
          75  A1    ---     B        Blue Optical PSF class (6)
      77- 82  F6.3  ---     z        ? Redshift from the literature or estimated (7)
      84- 89  A6    ---     rName    Citation for name (8)
      91- 96  A6    ---     rz       Citation for redshift (8)
      98-100  I3    pct     Qpct     ? Probability that this object is a QSO (9)
     102-123  A22   ---     XName    X-ray ID, if any (10)
     125-146  A22   ---     RName    Radio ID, if any (10)
     148-169  A22   ---     Lobe1    Radio lobe ID or extra R/X ID, if any (10)
     171-192  A22   ---     Lobe2    Radio lobe ID or extra R/X ID, if any (10)

    Note (1): These are to 7 decimals which suits Gaia-DR2 astrometry.

    Note (2): Nameless radio/X-ray associated objects here show the J2000 position
         in HHMMSS.SS+DDMMSS.S for the convenience of the user.  If needing a name
         for it, just preface the J2000 with "MQ", e.g., MQ J000001.89+443053.8 .
    Note (3): Legend of type/class:
         Q = QSO, type-I broad-line core-dominated, 790776 of these.
         A = AGN, type-I Seyferts/host-dominated, 38890 of these.
         B = BL Lac object, 2704 of these.
         L = lensed quasar extra image, only 64 of these in this optical data.
         K = NLQSO, type-II narrow-line core-dominated, 5316 of these.
         N = NLAGN, type-II Seyferts/host-dominated, 32726 of these.  Includes an
                    unquantified residue of legacy NELGs/ELGs/LINERs.
         q = quasar candidate of the displayed QSO likelihood, 559424 of these.
         R = radio association displayed.
         X = X-ray association displayed.
         2 = double radio lobes displayed (declared by data-driven algorithm).
    Note (4): Optical data is mostly from the ASP optical catalog
         (Flesch, 2017PASA...34...25F) which presents data from the APM
         (http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~mike/apmcat), USNO-A & USNO-B
         (http://www.nofs.navy.mil), and the SDSS (http://sdss.org).
         APM/USNO-A magnitudes were recalibrated as documented in
         2004A&A...427..387F, so such USNO-A magnitudes are often used in
         preference to USNO-B. APM/USNO-B galaxies < mag 17 are usually shown
         too bright due to PSF modelling. Integer magnitudes (e.g., 22.00) are
         estimates if both bands are integer or one band empty. Note: many SDSS
         magnitudes are "extinction-corrected" ~0.3 mag brighter than observed.
    Note (5): Legend as follows:
         p = optical magnitudes are POSS-I O (violet 4050A) and E (red 6400A).
              These are preferred because O is well-offset from E, and those plates
              were always taken on the same night, thus the red-blue color is
              correct even for variable objects.  Epoch is 1950's.
         j = optical magnitudes are SERC J (Bj 4850A) and R (red 6400A) from the
              POSS-II or UKST surveys.  Red-blue color is less reliable because the
              red & blue plates were taken in different epochs, i.e., years apart.
         b = blue magnitude is Vega 4400A (Johnson), red is 6400A (Cousins).
         g = blue magnitude is SDSS-type green 4900A, red is r 6200A.
         u = blue magnitude is SDSS ultraviolet 3850A.
         v = red magnitude is visual., i.e., white, 5500A midpoint.
         i = red magnitude is infrared 7500A.
         z = red magnitude is infrared z 8600A.
         r = red magnitude is r 6200A.
         (blank) =  Pan-STARRS r 6200A & g 4900A, but red alone is 6400A (Cousins).
         G = Gaia-DR2 astrometry shown, precessed to J2000 by CDS.  If 'G' is alone
              then the magnitudes are Gaia RP & BP, or Gaia G if red band only.
         + = variability nominally detected in both red/blue over multi-epoch data.
         m = proper motion nominally detected, from USNO-B.
         % = swap of two "unplugged" SDSS spectra which crossed wires (7 of these).
         a = object is host-dominated with faint nuclear activity, such as an SDSS
              pipeline galaxy with an AGN subclass or AGN-classed elsewhere, see its
              citation.  Milliquas class is 'A' if BROADLINE, else 'N'. (see note 2)
    Note (6): The APM, USNO-B, and SDSS provide PSF class, albeit using different
         criteria. These are shown here as:
         - = point source / stellar PSF (APM notation: -1, here truncated)
         1 = fuzzy / galaxy shape       (APM notation: 1 and some 2)
         n = no PSF available, whether borderline or too faint to tell, etc.
         x = not seen in this band (fainter than plate depth, or confused, etc.)
    Note (7):  Spectroscopic/grism redshifts are required for objects classified as
         Q/A/K/N/L and is optional for B (BL Lac type).  Photometric redshifts
         rounded to 0.1z can be displayed for B/R/X/2 objects, and are either taken
         from the cited catalogue or calculated here using the four-colour method of
         Flesch 2015PASA...32...10F, Appendix 2, using 4 colours from SDSS ugriz,
         Pan-STARRS grizy, or, for WISEA, the 4 colours B-R, R-W1, W1-W2, and W2-W3.
    Note (8): Legend (with counts of name and redshift) and references:
      (for numerical reference code, see refs.dat file):

      2dF (357,211)         : 2dF galaxy survey, Colless M. et al.,
                               2001MNRAS.328.1039C, Cat. VII/250

      2QZ (27520,24157)     : Croom S.M. et al., 2004MNRAS.349.1397C, Cat. VII/241

      2SLAQ (10353,8679)    : Croom S.M. et al., 2009, Cat. J/MNRAS/392/19

      3FGL (16,11)          : Fermi cleanups, Paiano S. et al.,  2017ApJ...851..135P

      3FGL2 (21,19)         : Fermi cleanups II, Paiano S. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...871..162P

      3HSP (819,999)        : 3HSP blazars, Chang Y.-L. et al.,
                               2019A&A...632A..77C, Cat. J/A+A/632/A77

      3XLSS (25,25)         : The XXL Survey, Pierre M. et al.,
                               2016A&A...592A...1P, Cat, IX/49

      4FGL1 (15,3)          : Fermi cleanups, de Menezes R. et al.,
                               2019A&A...630A..55D

      4FGL2 (18,22)         : Fermi cleanups X, de Menezes R. et al.,
                               2020Ap&SS.365..12D

      4LAC (367,349)        : Fermi AGN v4 + LL, Fermi-LAT collab.,
                               2020ApJ...892..105A

      6dF (315,223)         : 6dF galaxy survey, Jones D.H. et al.,
                               2009MNRAS.399..683J, Cat. VII/259

      AAOz (1491,1498)      : AAOmega XXL-South: Lidman C. et al.,
                               2016PASA...33....1L

      AGES (2046,2046)      : AGES survey, Kochanek C.S. et al.,
                               2012, Cat. J/ApJS/200/8

      AGNELL (2,3)          : DES lenses, Agnello A. et al., 2015MNRAS.454.1260A

      AGNELA (4,4)          : SDSS J1433+6007 4-lens, Agnello A. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.474.3391A

      AGNEL2 (13,13)        : VST-Gaia QSO pairs, Agnello A. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.475.2086A

      AKARI (1,1)           : overlooked luminous quasar, Aoki K. et al.,
                               2011PASJ...63S.457A

      ALMA (4,4)            : ALMA hi-z, Roberto Decarli R. et al.,
                               2018ApJ...854...97D

      ANDIKA (2,2)          : Hi-z starbursts: Andika I.T. et al.,
                               2020ApJ...903...34A

      ANGUIT (1,1)          : COSMOS lens, Anguita T. et al., 2009A&A...507...35A

      ATel (5,5)            : Astronomers Telegraph posts,
                               http://www.astronomerstelegram.org

      ATHENS (86,108)       : VIPERS AGN SEDs, Pouliasis E. et al.,
                               2020MNRAS.495.1853P, Cat. J/MNRAS/495/1853

      ATLAS (229,269)       : Mao M.Y. et al., 2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/426/3334

      BAHM (24,24)          : dust-reddened QSOs, Banerji M. et al.,
                               2015MNRAS.447.3368B

      BASS (16,113)         : Swift-BAT AGN, Koss M. et al., 2017, Cat. J/ApJ/850/74

      BERGHE (1,1)          : Pan-STARRS lens, Berghea C.T. et al.,
                               2017ApJ...844...90B

      BGGFC (4,4)           : COSMOS hi-z, Boutsia K. et al., 2018ApJ...869...20B

      BLAZZ (0,8)           : Blazar redshifts, Goldini P. et al.,
                               2020,arXiv:2012.05176

      BMCGCS (1,1)          : Belladitta S. et al., 2019A&A...629A..68B

      BMCS (1,1)            : Blazar at z>6, Belladitta S. et al.,
                               2020A&A...635L...7B

      BQLS (16,16)          : BOSS QSO lenses & pairs, More A. et al.,
                               2016MNRAS.456.1595M

      BZCAT (4,3)           : Blazars catalog, Massaro E. et al.,
                               http://www.asdc.asi.it/bzcat

      C-COSM (180,180)      : Chandra COSMOS IDs, Marchesi S. et al.,
                               2016ApJ...817...34M

      ChaMP (191,187)       : Trichas M. et al., 2012ApJS..200...17T

      DABAST (1,1)          : Diaz-Santos T. et al., 2018Sci...362.1034D

      Dart (26,25)          : Heavily Obscured QSOs, Hviding R. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.474.1955H

      DDC2 (14,14)          : variable AGN, De Cicco D. et al., 2019,
                               Cat. J/A+A/627/A33

      DEEP (143,139)        : DEEP2, Newman J. et al., 2013ApJS..208....5N;
                               deep.ps.uci.edu/DR4

      DES (1,1)             : Dark Energy hi-z, Reed S.L. et al.,
                               2015MNRAS.454.3952R

      DESQQ (26,26)         : STRIDES lenses, Anguita T. et al., 2018MNRAS.480.5017A

      DESQQ2 (12,12)        : STRIDES lenses, Treu T. et al., 2018MNRAS.481.1041T

      DPeake (683,656)      : Double-peaked NELGs, Ge J.-Q. et al., 2012,
                               Cat. J/ApJS/201/31

      DR12 (6,6)            : Alam S. et al., 2015ApJS..219...12A,
                               https://sdss.org/dr12

      DR12Q (244,15)        : SDSS-DR12Q, Paris I. et al., 2017A&A...597A..79P,
                               Cat. VII/279

      DR14 (12,44)          : Abolfathi B. et al., 2018ApJS..235...42A, pipeline,
                               data at
                               https://data.sdss.org/sas/dr14/sdss/spectro/redux

      DR14Q (1527,1538)     : SDSS-DR14Q, Paris I. et al., 2018A&A...613A..51P
                               data at
                               https://data.sdss.org/sas/dr14/eboss/qso/DR14Q

      DR16 (41065,374519)   : Ahumada R. et al., 2020ApJS..249....3A, pipeline,
                               data at
                               https://data.sdss.org/sas/dr16/sdss/spectro/redux

      DR16Q (715827,395233) : SDSS-DR16Q, Lyke B. et al., 2020ApJS..250....8L
                               2 files, data at
                               https://data.sdss.org/sas/dr16/eboss/qso/DR16Q

      DR16QN (0,2132)       : same as above, using the QuasarNET redshift supplied.

      DR7 (2,26)            : SDSS DR7, Abazajian K.N. et al., 2009ApJS..182..543A
                               files at
                   http://classic.sdss.org/dr7/products/spectra/getspectra.html

      DR7Q (1967,200)       : SDSS Quasar DR7, Schneider D. et al.,
                               2010AJ....139.2360S, Cat. VII/26 data
                   http://classic.sdss.org/dr7/products/value_added/qsocat_dr7.html

      DUALQ (1,1)           : Dual QSOs HSC, Silverman J.D. et al.,
                               2020ApJ...899..154S

      DUHIZ (2,2)           : DECaLS-UKIRT hi-z, Wang F. et al.,
                               2017ApJ...839...27W

      Dusty (11,11)         : Dusty Starbursts, Rodighiero G. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...877...38H

      DUz6 (18,18)          : DESI & UKIRT hi-z, Wang F. et al., 2019ApJ...884...30W

      eHAQ (82,80)          : Extended High AV, Krogager J.-K., 2016ApJ...832...49K

      ELQ-PS (216,215)      : ELQS on PS1, Schindler J.-T. et al.,
                               2019, Cat. J/ApJS/243/5

      ELQS-N (38,38)        : ELQS in NGC, Schindler J.-T. et al.,
                               2018ApJ...863..144S

      ELQS-S (126,126)      : ELQS in SGC, Schindler J.-T. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...871..258S

      FISCBA (1,1)          : HST lens, Fischer/Schade/Barrientos,
                               1998ApJ...503L.127F

      FLES40 (40,0)         : Salvaged QSOs, Flesch E.W., 2021MNRAS.504..621F

      FYNBO (1,1)           : LiBAL QSO, Fynbo J.P.U. et al., 2020A&A...634A..11D

      GAIA1 (21,21)         : Gaia DR1, Gaia Collaboration et al.,
                               2016A&A...595A...1G, Cat. I/337

      GAIA2 (236,232)       : Gaia DR2, Gaia Collaboration et al.,
                               2018A&A...616A...1G, Cat. I/345 (GAIA data as
                               presented by SIMBAD,
                               http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad)

      GEIER (1,1)           : Geier S.J. et al., 2019A&A...625L...9G

      GGLS (3,4)            : Gaia GraL, Krone-Martins A. et al.,
                               2019, arXiv:1912.08977

      GLDD (1,1)            : Lensed QSO data-driven, Ostrovski F. et al.,
                               2017MNRAS.465.4325O

      GLIKMA (28,28)        : red WISE QSOs, Glikman E. et al.,
                               2018, Cat. J/ApJ/861/37

      GLOH (1,1)            : Grav Lensed Objs HSC, Jaelani A.T. et al.,
                               2020,arXiv:2006.16584

      GLRED (1,1)           : lensed red QSO, Glikman E. et al.,
                               2018,arXiv:1807.05434

      GQ (2,2)              : serendipitous binary, Altamura E. et al.,
                               2020AJ....159..122A

      GRAL4 (10,10)         : Gaia Grav Lens quads, Stern D. et al.,
                               2020,arXiv:2012.10051

      GUTI (1,1)            : not a ULX, Gutierrez C.M., 2013A&A...549A..81G

      GZPM (23,23)          : Gaia zero pm, Heintz K.E. et al.,
                               2020, Cat. J/A+A/644/A17

      H-DOGs (16,16)        : Herschel DOGs, Riguccini L.A. et al.,
                               2019A&A...625A...9D

      HAQ (2,2)             : High AV serendipitous, Heintz K.E. et al.,
                               2016AJ....152...13H

      HAQC (1,1)            : High AV in COSMOS, Heintz K.E. et al.,
                               2016A&A...595A..13H

      HE2QS (103,103)       : HeII quasar survey, Schmidt T.M. et al.,
                               2017, Cat. J/ApJ/847/81

      HE2QS2 (5,5)          : HeII HST/COS quasars, Worseck G. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...875..111W

      HEINTZ (1,1)          : dusty absorbed QSO, Heintz K.E. et al.,
                               2018A&A...615A..43H

      HIZ7.5 (1,1)          : QSO z=7.5, Banados E. et al., 2018Natur.553..473B

      HSC (3,3)             : Low-luminosity QSOs, Niida M. et al.,
                               2020ApJ...904...89N

      HSTvar (42,42)        : variable AGN, Pouliasis E. et al.,
                               2019, Cat. J/MNRAS/487/4285

      ICECUB (9,12)         : IceCube spectra, Paiano S. et al.,
                               2021,arXiv:2104.05290

      IGMCP (10,10)         : IGM close pairs, Rorai A. et al., 2017Sci...356..418R

      IKEDA (1,1)           : Ikeda H. et al., 2017ApJ...846...57I

      IMDS (3,3)            : IR medium-deep hi-z VII, Shin S. et al.,
                               2020ApJ...893...45S

      IMS (1,1)             : IR medium-deep hi-z, Kim Y. et al.,
                               2015ApJ...813...35H

      IMS2 (10,11)          : IR medium-deep hi-z, Kim Y. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...870...86K

      INAF (1,1)            : UV bright hi-z, Grazian A. et al., 2020ApJ...897...94G

      JERAM (1,1)           : extremely bright, Jeram S. et al., 2020ApJ...899...76J

      JPLUS (24,24)         : luminous Ly, Spinoso D. et al.,
                               2020, Cat. J/A+A/643/A149

      K4K (2,2)             : K4000 bz, Uwitonze/Nkundabakura/Mutabazi,
                               2020, arXiv:2004.03154

      KHOR1 (7,6)           : 3XMM hi-z, Khorunzhev G.A. et al., 2017,AstL,43,135

      KHOR2 (11,11)         : 3XMM hi-z, Khorunzhev G.A. et al., 2019AstL...45..411K

      KHOR3 (1,1)           : X-ray luminous, Khorunzhev G.A. et al.,
                               2021, arXiv:2104.05142

      KODQ3 (4,4)           : KODIAQ DR3, O'Meara J.M. et al., 2020,arXiv:2010.09061

      KOVACS (1,1)          : bright QSO behind Milky Way, Kovacs T. et al.,
                               2019, RNAAS, 3, 3

      LAMDR6 (2966,3341)    : LAMOST-DR6, pipeline, http://dr6.lamost.org

      LAMQ1 (684,625)       : LAMOST QUASAR DR1, Ai Y.L. et al.,
                               2016, Cat. J/AJ/151/24

      LAMQ3 (6698,6587)     : LAMOST QUASAR DR3/DR2, Dong X.Y. et al.,
                               2018, Cat. J/AJ/155/189
      LAMQ5 (7938,7937)     : LAMOST QUASAR DR5/DR4, Yao S. et al.,
                               2019ApJS..240....6Y

      LEMON (40,40)         : 24 Gaia lenses, Lemon C. et al., 2018MNRAS.479.5060L

      LEMON2 (30,30)        : 22 Gaia lenses, Lemon/Auger/McMahon,
                               2019MNRAS.483.4242L

      LEMON3 (53,52)        : STRIDES lenses etc, Lemon C. et al.,
                               2020MNRAS.494.3491L

      LGGS (11,11)          : M31/M33 area, Massey/Neugent/Levesque,
                               2019AJ....157..227M

      LIDMAN (1,1)          : SN Host Galaxy redshifts, Lidman C. et al.,
                               2013PASA...30....1L

      LIN (1,1)             : DES lens, Lin H. et al., 2017ApJ...838...15L

      LIRAS (169,154)       : LoCuSS IR AGNs, Xu, L. et al.,
                               2015, Cat. J/ApJS/219/18

      LOZAGN (38,10997)     : Low-redshift AGN, Liu H.-Y. et al.,
                               2019, Cat. J/ApJS/243/21

      LSSA (2,1)            : 2 lenses, Lucey/Schechter/Smith/Anguita,
                               2018MNRAS.476..927L

      LUMIz5 (66,66)        : Luminous hi-z, Yang J. et al., 2019ApJ...871..199Y

      M31UV (1,1)           : UV flare QSO on M31, Meusinger H. et al.,
                               2010A&A...512A...1M

      MALS-N (69,68)        : MEERKAT QSOs, Krogager J.-K. et al.,
                               2018ApJS..235...10K

      MFJC (52,51)          : McGreer I.D., Fan X., Jiang L. & Cai Z.,
                               2018, Cat. J/AJ/155/131

      MQ (143925,539324)    : MILLIQUAS, original data in this catalog, Flesch E.,
                               2021

      NBCKDE (2559,2656)    : Richards G.T. et al., 2009, Cat. J/ApJS/180/67

      NBCKv3 (13224,67795)  : NBCKDE v3, Richards G.T. et al.,
                               2015, Cat. J/ApJS/219/39

      NED (5,6)             : NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database,
                               https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu

      OGLE2 (2,2)           : OGLE quasars, Kozlowski S. et al., 2019ApJ...878..115K

      OVRLAP (5,5)          : SDSS overlap hi-z QSOs, Jiang L. et al.,
                               2015AJ....149..188J

      OzDES (608,435)       : Dark Energy SN QSOs, Tie S.S. et al.,
                               2017AJ....153..107T

      OzDES2 (751,921)      : DESN QSOs, Lidman C. et al., 2020MNRAS.496...19L

      P352-1 (1,1)          : P352-15, Banados E. et al., 2018ApJ...861L..14B

      PETERS (245,268)      : photo special., Peters C.M. et al, 2015ApJ...811...95P

      PFTS (2,11)           : blazar spectroscopy, Paiano S. et al.,
                               2020MNRAS.497...94P

      PGC (12914,8)         : Principal Galaxy Catalog, Paturel G. et al.,
                               2003A&A...412...45P, Cat. VII/237

      PHILLI (1,0)          : MERLIN lens, Phillips P.M. et al., 2000MNRAS.319L...7P

      PS1 (63,63)           : PAN-STARRS1 hi-z, Banados E. et al.,
                               2016, Cat. J/ApJS/227/11

      PS1hiz (1,1)          : Tang, Ji-Jia et al., 2017MNRAS.466.4568T

      PS1MAZ (6,6)          : Mazzucchelli C. et al., 2017ApJ...849...91M

      PSO (3,3)             : PAN-STARRS z-dropouts, Venemans B.P. et al.,
                               2015ApJ...801L..11V

      QLSV (21,20)          : QUEST-La Silla, Sanchez-Saez P. et al.,
                               2019ApJS..242...10S

      QPQ10 (70,70)         : Quasar pair DB, Findlay J.R. et al.,
                               2018ApJS..236...44F

      QUBRIC (91,91)        : QUBRICS I, Calderone G. et al., 2019ApJ...887....2Y

      QUBRIX (249,252)      : QUBRICS II, Boutsia K. et al., 2020ApJS..250...26B

      RBS (3,3)             : Laporte N. et al., 2017ApJ...851...40L

      Redden (25,25)        : Reddened QSOs, Temple M.J. et al., 2019MNRAS.487.2594R

      REQ4 (6,6)            : Reionization-Era quasars, Yang J. et al.,
                               2019AJ....157..236Y

      REQ7 (1,1)            : Reionization-Era QSO z=7.5,Yang J. et al.,
                               2020ApJ...897...14C

      RLQ (4,3)             : Tuccillo D./Gonzalez-Serrano J.I./Benn C.R.,
                               2015, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/2818

      RSG (1,1)             : Dorn-Wallenstein T.Z. & Levesque E.,
                               2017, IAUS, 329, 376

      S82X (71,75)          : Stripe 82 AGN, LaMassa S.M. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...876...50L

      S82XRQ (8,8)          : Red Quasars, LaMassa S.M. et al., 2017ApJ...847..100L

      SAGE1 (1,1)           : SAGE IR AGN, Hony S. et al., 2011A&A...531A.137H

      SCULPT (2,3)          : Sculptor X-ray, Arnason R. M. et al.,
                               2019MNRAS.485.2259A

      SDLENS (3,3)          : SDSS Lenses, Williams P.R. et al., 2018MNRAS.477L..70W

      SDSSHI (6,6)          : SDSS hi-z, Jiang L. et al., 2016ApJ...833..222J

      SELMAN (1,1)          : serendipitous, Selman F.J. et al., 2020AN...341...26S

      SFM201 (1,1)          : Schulze S. et al., 2012A&A...546A..20S

      SHELLQ (33,33)        : Subaru hi-z, Matsuoka Y. et al., 2018PASJ...70S..35M

      SHELQ3 (28,28)        : Subaru hi-z, Matsuoka Y. et al., 2019ApJ...883..183M

      SHELQS (30,30)        : SHELLQS hi-z, Matsuoka Y. et al., 2018ApJS..237....5M

      SHELz7 (1,1)          : SHELLQS z=7, Matsuoka Y. et al., 2019ApJ...872L...2M

      SMSSQ (2,2)           : SkyMapper hi-z, Zefeng Li Z. et al.,
                               2018,arXiv:1805.03429

      SOLARZ (13,13)        : AllWISE anomalies, Solarz A. et al.,
                               2020A&A...642A.103S

      SPIN18 (1,1)          : KiDS-SQuaD lens, Spiniello C. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.480.1163S

      SPIN19 (2,2)          : 2 lensed quasars, Spiniello C. et al.,
                               2019MNRAS.485.5086S

      SQLS (60,51)          : SDSS DR7 QSO Lens Search, Inada N. et al.,
                               2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/119

      SQUAD (13,13)         : UVES DB DR1, Murphy M.T. et al., 2019MNRAS.482.3458M

      SSLENS (3,3)          : South sky lenses, Spiniello C. et al.,
                               2019MNRAS.483.3888S

      SUV (22,22)           : SDSS-ULAS/VHS QSOs, Yang J. et al.,
                               2017AJ....153..184Y

      SXDF (39,39)          : Subaru-XMMDF redshifts, Simpson C. et al.,
                               2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/421/3060

      SXDS (307,306)        : Subaru-XMMDF spectra, Akiyama M. et al.,
                               2015PASJ...67...82A

      ULTRA (1,1)           : Ultraluminous hi-z, Wu, X.-B. et al.,
                               2015Natur.518..512W

      UVQS (435,503)        : UV QSOs, Monroe T.R. et al., 2016, Cat. J/AJ/152/25

      VAHIZ (2,2)           : VST ATLAS hi-z, Carnall A.C. et al.,
                               2015MNRAS.451L..16C

      VAHIZ2 (1,1)          : bright z>6 QSOs, Chehade B. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.478.1649C

      VAHIZ3 (1,1)          : VST-ATLAS lens, Schechter P.L. et al.,
                               2018, RNAAS, 2b, 21

      VAQL (11,11)          : VST-ATLAS quasar systems,Schechter P.L. et al.,
                               2017AJ....153..219S

      VDES (8,8)            : VISTA Dark Energy QSOs, Reed S.L. et al.,
                               2017MNRAS.468.4702R

      VDES2 (2,2)           : more VHS-DES quasars, Reed S.L. et al.,
                               2019MNRAS.487.1874R

      VIKING (4,4)          : VIKING IR, Venemans, G.A. et al., 2015MNRAS.453.2259V

      VIPERS (241,283)      : VIPERS PDR-2, Scodeggio M. et al., 2018A&A...609A..84S

      VMC (34,34)           : Magellanic IR QSOs, Ivanov V.D. et al.,
                               2016A&A...588A..93I

      WARSAW (3,3)          : OGLE lens, Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.476..663K

      WERTZ (1,1)           : Gaia GraL lens, Wertz O. et al., 2019A&A...628A..17W

      WGD (2,2)             : DES/Gaia lenses; Agnello A. et al.,
                               2018MNRAS.479.4345A

      WILLIG (1,1)          : Williger, G., 2020, p comm., data on LJMU Robotic
                               Telescope

      WISEA (522905,0)      : AllWISE QSO candidates, Secrest N. et al.,
                               2015, Cat. J/ApJS/221/12

      WISEHI (72,70)        : Hi-z QSOs from WISE, Wang F. et al.,
                               2016, Cat. J/ApJ/819/24

      WOLF1 (1,0)           : most ultraluminous QSO, Wolf C. et al.,
                               2018PASA...35...24W

      WOLF2 (16,16)         : hi-z ultraluminous QSOs, Wolf C. et al.,
                               2020MNRAS.491.1970W

      WYFH (1,1)            : z=7.642 quasar, Wang F. et al., 2021,arXiv:2101.03179

      XDQSO (20119,0)       : SDSS-XDQSO, Bovy J. et al., 2011ApJ...729..141B

      XLSS (306,118)        : Stalin C.S. et al., 2010, Cat. J/MNRAS/401/294

      XMM2 (12,12)          : 2XMM-Newton cross-search, Combi J.A. et al.,
                               2011Ap&SS.331...53C, Cat. V/138

      XMMSMC (6,6)          : SMC quasars, Maitral C. et al., 2019A&A...622A..29M

      XMSS (182,148)        : Barcons X. et al., 2007, Cat. J/A+A/476/1191

      XWAS (490,449)        : Esquej P. et al., 2013, Cat. J/A+A/557/A123

      YQLF (25,25)          : deep CFHT QSOs, Yang J. et al.,
                               2018, Cat. J/AJ/155/110

      YSZ (0,414)           : Type 2 QSOs IDd, Yuan/Strauss/Zakamska,
                               2016,arXiv:1606.04976

      z6.51 (1,1)           : lensed quasar z=6.51, Fan X. et al.,
                               2019ApJ...870L..11F

      z6.82 (1,1)           : radio-loud z=6.82, Banados E. et al.,
                               2021,arXiv:2103.03295

      z7.02 (1,1)           : lensed quasar z=7.02, Wang F. et al.,
                               2018ApJ...869L...9W

      4-digit numeric citations are indexed in the HMQ (2015PASA...32...10F)
      references list. The citation for the classification (e.g., that the
      object is a quasar) is from either the name or redshift citation.
    Note (9): For QSO candidates (class starting with q/R/X/2) this shows its pQSO
      (percent chance that it is a QSO) based on radio/X-ray association and/or
      photometric analysis. Radio/X-ray based likelihoods are calculated as
      described in Flesch & Hardcastle, 2004A&A...427..387F. WISEA photometric
      pQSOs are calibrated all-sky via the colours B-R, R-W1, W1-W2, and W2-W3,
      using the method of Flesch 2015PASA...32...10F, Appendix 2.  SDSS-based
      candidates from NBCKDE/NBCKv3/XDQSO/Peters (see Note 7 for citations)
      photometric catalogs can also have photometric-based pQSOs which are here
      calibrated against SDSS-DR16Q classified objects using 4-colour matching.

      The calibrated photometric pQSO (P1) and radio/X-ray derived pQSO (P2),
      if both present, are combined into a single pQSO as
        pQSO = 1/(1+((1-P1)*(1-P2))/(P1*P2)).

      For a fully classified object (class starting with Q/A/B/K/N/L), this
      shows the percent chance that a shown radio/X-ray detection(s) is truly
      associated to it. If no radio/X-ray detection, value is blank.
    Note (10): Four columns of Radio/X-ray detections are presented:
       * 1st column: best X-ray detection (i.e. highest probability association).
       * 2nd column: best core Radio detection.
       * 3rd column: a radio lobe if the description (see note 2) shows a "2",
                     otherwise this is an additional radio or X-ray detection.
       * 4th column: a radio lobe if the description (see note 2) shows a "2",
                     otherwise this is an additional radio or X-ray detection.

       Legend of Radio/X-ray detection prefixes and catalog home pages:

       FIRST: VLA FIRST survey, 13Jun05 version, http://sundog.stsci.edu
       VL0 (abbrev of VLASS1QLCIR): VLASS Quick Look, https://cirada.ca/catalogues
       NVSS: NRAO VLA sky survey, http://www.cv.nrao.edu/nvss
       SUMSS: Sydney U. Molonglo, http://www.astrop.physics.usyd.edu.au/sumsscat/
       MGPS: Molonglo galactic plane, www.astrop.physics.usyd.edu.au/mgpscat/
       ROSAT catalogs available from http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/cats/IX.htx are:
        - IX/28A is 1RXH: ROSAT HRI (high resolution imager)
        - IX/30 is 2RXP: ROSAT PSPC (position sensitive proportional counter)
        - IX/10A & IX/29 are 1RXS: ROSAT RASS (all-sky survey, bright & faint)
       2RXF: https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/rosat/rospspcftot.html
       2RXS: 2nd RASS source catalog, http://www.mpe.mpg.de/ROSAT
       1WGA: White, Giommi & Angelini, wgacat.gsfc.nasa.gov/wgacat/wgacat.html
       CXOG: Chandra ACIS source catalog, Wang S. et al., 2016,ApJS,224,40
       CXO:  Chandra Source Catalog v1.1, http://cxc.harvard.edu/csc
       2CXO: Chandra Source Catalog v2, http://cxc.harvard.edu/csc
       CXOX: XAssist Chandra source list, http://xassist.pha.jhu.edu/
       2XMM/2XMMi: XMM-Newton DR3, http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/cats/IX.htx IX/39&40
       4XMM: XMM-Newton DR10, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xsa
       XMMSL: XMM-Newton Slew Survey Release 2.0, same attribution as 4XMM
       XMMX: XAssist XMM-Newton source list, http://xassist.pha.jhu.edu/
       2SXPS: Swift X-ray Point Source catalog, http://www.swift.ac.uk/2SXPS

       Optical field solutions are calculated from the raw source positions of all
       these catalogs (except 2CXO) as described in my MORX paper,
       Flesch, 2016PASA...33...52F.

    Byte-by-byte Description of file:  refs.dat

       Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

       1-  4  I04   ---     Ref       Reference number
       6- 11  I6    ----    N1        ? Number of this reference for Name
      13- 18  I6    ---     N2        ? Number of this reference for redshift
      21- 39  A19   ---     Bibcode   BibCode
      41- 71  A31   ---     Aut       Author's name
      73-162  A90   ---     Com       Comments

    Acknowledgements:
        If using this catalogue in published research, please cite as
        Milliquas v7.2, Flesch, E.W. 2021, arXiv:2105.12985 , or as
        Milliquas v7.2 (2021) update, Flesch, E.W. 2015PASA...32...10F.

        The confirmed quasars of this catalog (to Jan 2015) were published as
        the Half Million Quasars (HMQ) catalog: Flesch E., 2015PASA...32...10F.
        Note however that Milliquas uses optical sky data from ASP
        (2017PASA...34...25F) whereas the HMQ used optical sky data from QORG
        (2004A&A...427..387F, Cat. J/A+A/427/387) Appendix A.

        This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
        (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,California
        Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics
        and Space Administration.

        This research has made use of the SIMBAD database and CDS cross-match
        service (to obtain Gaia DR2 data) provided by CDS, Strasbourg, France.

    History:
        From Eric Flesch, eric(at)flesch.org
    ================================================================================
    (End)                                      Patricia Vannier [CDS]    03-May-2021